Fault geology, fracture in earth s crust where one side moves with respect to the other side. The einsteinhapgood correspondence is a forgotten page in the history of science. Graham hancock discusses one possible theory to the end of the last ice age. In a strict sense, knowledge of the existence of the crust is based solely on seismological data. Earth crust displacement earth crust displacement theory. He taught for a year in vermont and directed a community center in provincetown. The pole shift and earth crust displacement theory youtube. Lesson 3 a moving crust lesson at a glance students are introduced to plate tectonics in this lesson. In this section you will learn about what the crust is made of, the temperature, the thickness and a few interesting facts about the crust. May 05, 2017 new theory on how earth s crust was created by mcgill university a composite image of the western hemisphere of the earth.
The theory holds that the weight of the earths crust will displace a certain amount of the underlying mantle, and that an equilibrium is reached whereby the mass of the displaced crust. In fact, this same author considers that einsteinsclaiminhapgood1958that,atacertaincritical. Apr 12, 2017 geologists barrie mckelvey and david harwood were working 1830 meters above sealevel and 400 kilometres 250 miles from the south pole on the lonely. Lesson 3 a moving crust national oceanic and atmospheric. The localization of the backarc and backtransform extensional setting in the basin and range would have caused the crust to thin constenius, 1996 from about 60 km, postlaramide orogeny, to about 30 km, in the current basin and range coney and harms, 1984.
If you remove the peel from an orange and then reattach it to the fruit you can visualize the possibility of the peel moving over the inner layers. In this case, the claims of mom are built upon a simplistic and greatly erroneous concept of plate tectonics. Added bulges from the expansion beneath the crust would. So professor hapgood developed a theory called earth crust displacement ecd which could account the shift, and yet not contradict the theory of continental drift. Thomas analysis of cyclic pole shifts was different in key respects to what was being proposed at the time by charles hapgood in his seminal book, the earths shifting crust 1958. New theory on how earths crust was created geology page. Earth crust displacement in 1958 charles hapgood suggested in his book the earths shifting crust that the earths crust had undergone repeated displacements and that the geological concepts of continental drift and seafloor spreading owed their secondary livelihoods to the primary nature of crustal shift according to hapgood, crustal shift was made possible by a. Conventional theory holds that all of the early earths crustal ingredients were formed by volcanic activity. A vigorous and interesting discussion of hapgoods theory of earth crust displacement. Jan 27, 2017 proponents of the earth crustal displacement theory believe that the north and south poles have not always been in their present location. Seismic conceptual design of buildings basic principles.
Plate tectonics, scientific theory which describes the large scale motions of earths crust. Earth crust displacement is not a real theory in the earth sciences. Isostatic rebound affects the rise or fall of sea levels e. In the last 100 years alone there have been many major earthquakes, including san francisco 1906, tokyo 1923, alaska 1964, iran 1968, mexico 1985.
Evidence of nonlinear elasticity of the crust from the. Electric displacement by earthquakes 75 one of the more sophisticated theories to accoun t for the electrification of the earth s surface by earthquakes, is that of f. Hapgood was the son of hutchins hapgood 18691944 and neith boyce 18721951. Hapgood believed that this happened relatively recently and was what caused the continent mu to disappe. After each shift of the earths crust, all the land masses of the earth. Feb 16, 2019 the crust presents the earth with an unbalanced distribution of weight, even a small 10 centimeters displacement of the crust would cause the earth to wobble more which ironically could induce more crustal displacement, thus causing more wobble, thus causing more displacement, etc. Jan 01, 20 the theory of plate tectonics, does a nice job of explaining how the crust and the rest of the lithosphere, moves about on the surface of the earth. This observation suggests that the elastic moduli of the crust in tension and in compression. Origin and early development of the earths crust sciencedirect. Its earliest explanation was to be found in the simple quantity theory of money. Expanding upon charles hapgoods theory of earth crust displacement, which was championed by albert einstein, they examine ancient yet highly accurate world maps, including the piri reis map of. The structure of the earth s crust based on seismic data covers the papers presented at an international upper mantle committee lumc symposium called crustal structure based on seismic data, held on july 3031, 1971. Hapgood believed that this happened relatively recently and was what caused the continent mu to disappear. In a book entitled when the sky fell, rose and rand flemath also advocate the earth crust displacement theory, with additional geological and archaeological evidence.
Publication date 19580000 topics natural sciences, earth sciences. Oceanic crust is born at the midocean ridges, where plates are pulled apart. Hapgood and einstein corresponded about hapgoods work for the last three years of the great physicists life. The theory of crustal displacement states that the entire crust of the earth can shift in one piece like the lose skin of an orange. The theory was first put forth by joseph adhemar in. Out now on vinyl, check rawmantic disasters records. In a controversial extension of the theory of continental drift, the newer theory of crustal displacement claims that every 40,000 years or so, the entire crust of the earth, comprising all its tectonic plates, shifts as a single unit like the loose peel of an orange. Start with his first book on crustal displacement, earths shifting crust. In short, it asserts that sometimes the earth spins really fast and the continents rearrange. Buy gravity, deformation, and the earths crust on free shipping on qualified orders. Some researchers believe that they happen every 41,000 years and that the last one happened 11,500 years ago.
Hapgoods theory stands in stark contrast to common sense, as well as the nowaccepted theory of plate tectonics. According to the declassified documents, it was once believed that a 2012like earthcrustal displacement event would occur at some point in the future. Hapgood 19041982 the theory of an earth crust displacement enjoyed the enthusiastic support of albert einstein 18791955. Could earth crust displacement explain the lost civilization of atlantis. Dynamic earth pracatice base your answers to questions 9 and 10 on the passage and cross section below and on your knowledge of earth science. Hurricane harvey pushed the earth s crust down by 2 piri reis map sensing how much the earth moved in nepal crustal displacement hapgood crystalinks what are earthquake fault lines universe today crustal displacement hapgood crystalinkslost civilizations and earth crust shifts are deeply entangledearth crust displacement atlantis the truth. Massive pole shifts are cyclic according to declassified. Prior to the book, he had written a number of articles about the history of ecd theory before hapgood. Regarding geo dynamics, einstein essentially supported hapgoods very controversial theory called earth crust displacement.
However, the impact of einsteins theories was not restricted to physics and. An earth crust displacement, as the words suggest, is a movement of the entire outer shell of the earth over its inner layers. Dec 16, 2011 in the 1950s, hapgood developed a theory called earth crust displacement ecd which could account the shift, and yet not contradict the theory of continental drift. The crust presents the earth with an unbalanced distribution of weight, even a small 10 centimeters displacement of the crust would cause the earth to wobble more which ironically could induce more crustal displacement, thus causing more wobble, thus causing more displacement, etc. The theory was first put forth by joseph adhemar in 1852. The einsteinhapgood papers charles hapgood first came to public attention in the mid1950s with his theory of earth crust displacement, a radical geological idea which attracted the curiosity and support of albert einstein. New theory on how earth s crust was created 5 may 2017 a composite image of the western hemisphere of the earth. The theory that pieces of earths lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle. Evidence for earths crust shift in 9600 bce youtube. Charles hutchins hapgood may 17, 1904 december 21, 1982 was an american college. Hapgood received a masters degree from harvard university in 1929 in medieval and modern history.
Some researchers believe that they happen every 41,000 years and that the last one happened 11,500. Plate tectonics and seismic waves flashcards quizlet. The basic notion of ecd is that the earth s lithosphere, although composed of individual plates, can at times move as a whole over the asthenosphere. Charles hapgood advocated the earth crust displacement theory in a book entitled the path of the poles.
Theory that earth s crust and upper mantle are broken into plates that float and move around on a plasticlike layer of the mantle volcano a weak spot in the crust where magma has come to the surface. Hapgood supported this theory with geomagnetic and carbon dated evidence. Mar 10, 2006 the einsteinhapgood papers charles hapgood first came to public attention in the mid1950s with his theory of earth crust displacement, a radical geological idea which attracted the curiosity and support of albert einstein. In lesson 2, they discovered that the ocean bottom is not fl at when they viewed bathymetric maps showing representations of different ocean geologic features, and the geographic location of some of the most prominent underwater features. The cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis is a fringe theory suggesting that there have been geologically rapid shifts in the relative positions of the modernday geographic locations of the poles and the axis of rotation of the earth, creating calamities such as floods and tectonic events. Reids theory, known as the elastic rebound theory, assumes that earthquakes. Supercontinent cycle, the quasiperiodic aggregation and dispersal of earths continental crust. It is suggested that the event of 11,600 years ago involved a maximum displacement of over 3000 km approximately 30. Hauptgood who created this theory documented three earth crust displacements in the last 100,000 years. A threestage model for crustal origin is proposed in which stage i 4.
But the crust isnt going to rotate 23 degrees to the southwest over the course of a few hours. The einsteinhapgood papers, crustal shift physics forums. Some mantle plumes that are slowly rising from the boundary. Albert einstein was convinced that hapgoods theory of crustal displacement was correct. A declassified cia document called the adam and eve story has generated much controversy over predictions of an upcoming pole shift aka crustal displacement and catastrophic events that may sweep the planet in the not distant future.
Global crust displacement was purposed by charles hapgood and later endorsed by albert einstein, who wrote the foreward. The results of steketee 1958a are employed to derive, in analytical form, the displacement field throughout a semiinfinite elastic medium due to such a dislocation. The theory of acoustic wave propagation is now described. Antartica, atlantis, and the earth crustal displacement theory. The monetarists employed the familiar identity of exchange equation of. Hapgood who created this theory documented three earth crust displacements in the last 100,000 years. Graham hancock ice age theory einstein hapgood youtube. In the 1950s, hapgood developed a theory called earth crust displacement ecd which could account the shift, and yet not contradict the theory of continental drift. Earth crustal displacement or earth crust displacement may refer to. Plate tectonics explain what forces caused the movments of the continents from one supercontinent to their present positions. As noted above albert einstein supported hapgoods theory, however the conclusions he reached, like hapgoods, were only as good as the data then available.
Crust displacement is a hypothesis put forward by charles hapgood 19041982. Jul 29, 2015 earth crust displacement may be real, and it may account for some phenomena such as climate variability not explained by svensmarks cosmic raycloud theory or plate tectonics. The flemaths theory is that approximately every 41,000 years there has been a dramatic and catastrophic shifting of the entire crust of the earth with respect to the mantle and core. Albert einstein helped develop the theory, which was regarded as highly plausibleso much so, the cia was compelled. A pole shift would displace the earth s crust around the inner mantle, resulting in crustal rocks being exposed to magnetic fields of a different direction. The idea is that somehow the crust of the earth can become unstuck and shift pretty severely and move landmasses to completely different parts of the globe. Plato describes atlantis as being a round continent in the center of the ocean. The fact that hapgood couldnt explain the mechanism does not. In this theory the earth s crust works like a semiconductor diode and the physical ba ttery is driven by pressure.
The book is decades old, and much of it is obsolete science. Earth crust displacement in 1958 charles hapgood suggested in his book the earth s shifting crust that the earth s crust had undergone repeated displacements and that the geological concepts of continental drift and seafloor spreading owed their secondary livelihoods to the primary nature of crustal shift. Does the volume of a small acoustic cube with deformations. Many years on, we now know the data to be obsolete. Geophysically, we begin with a preflood earth differentiated into core, mantle, and crust, with the crust horizontally differentiated into sialic craton and ma.
Albert einstein helped develop the theory, which was regarded as highly plausibleso. The term crust is now used to refer to that region of the earth above the moho. Jan 25, 2019 oceanic crust covers about 60 percent of the earth s surface. Plate tectonics, scientific theory which describes the large scale motions of earths crust lithosphere fault geology, fracture in earths crust where one side moves with respect to the other side. Oceanic crust is thin and young no more than about 20 km thick and no older than about 180 million years. And could it provide a clue in the search for life on other planets. Influence of crustal layering and thickness on coseismic. The basic notion of ecd is that the earths lithosphere, although composed of individual plates, can at times move as a whole over the asthenosphere. Part i part ii part iii part iv part v part vi part vii. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
According to davidson, it was thomas more accurate explanation for how a pole shift happens, which led to the cia classifying thomas book. The earth crust displacement theory also ignores some inherent evidence. Catastrophic plate tectonics a global flood model of earth. The idea behind earth crust displacement is that ice builds up at the poles, and, on reaching a critical point, the outer crust of the planet slips under the weight of the ice, casting previously temperate areas into the polar positions. Plate tectonics, scientific theory which describes the large scale motions of earth s crust lithosphere. Hapgood is the author of maps of the ancient sea kings 4. This torque, over time, grows large enough to dislodge the crust and cause it to slide over the molten magma underlying the crust. Instead, the earths axis of rotation changes in a predictable fashion which may have changed the course of human history.
This is possible because the outer crust of the earth floats upon a semiliquid layer. Mar 18, 2010 earth crust displacement is where the crust of the earth moves. Proponents of the earth crustal displacement theory believe that the north and south poles have not always been in their present location. Charles hutchins hapgood may 17, 1904 december 21, 1982 was an american college professor and author who became one of the best known advocates of the pseudoarchaeological claim of a rapid and recent pole shift with catastrophic results. Earth crust displacement map the earth images revimage.
Geology, meteorology,etc, general structure of the earth. After each shift of the earths crust, all the land masses of the earth, including whole continents, find themselves in a new position on the globe. In hapgoods earlier work he expressed skepticism of plate tectonics, but in this revision he accepts it due to the evidence found during the 60s. Pole shift hypothesis brought up various times in sciencefiction stories and at least one movie. The 57page document is based on a book authored by chan thomas in 1963. Justin deschamps the following are two videos detailing a formally accepted theory of earths history, cataclysmic geology. The theory of plate tectonic jpj flashcards quizlet. More than 90% of earths continental crust is made up of silicarich minerals, such as feldspar and quartz. The flemaths theory is that approximately every 41,000 years there has been a dramatic and catastrophic shifting of the entire crust of the earth with respect to. A recent variation of this theory, described by graham hancock in his book magicians of the gods, suggests that a meteor or comet strike can help trigger an earth crustal displacement event. Some people have theorized that, if hapgoods theory of earth crust displacement hold true, then antarctica would be a prime location for the lost continent of atlantis. Geology 111 assignment 1 crustal displacement theory. The fact that hapgood couldnt explain the mechanism does not detract from his contribution.
330 878 59 313 1350 1275 1380 827 766 621 202 381 540 1469 346 397 1042 1310 642 1405 493 1470 760 1394 491 852 320 727 708 1154 1045 432 1041 421 1248 1493 62 492 1358 31 118 748